Complications & Infection in Lymphedema (Uganda)

Why Infections Occur

In lymphedema, lymph fluid builds up and reduces the body’s ability to fight infection. Even small wounds or insect bites can lead to serious skin infections. In Uganda, warm temperatures and limited access to clean water make prevention especially important.

Common Complications

• Cellulitis: A bacterial skin infection causing redness, pain, heat, and swelling. It may come with fever or chills.
• Wounds and ulcers: Open sores that heal slowly due to poor lymph flow.
• Fungal infections: Common between toes or skin folds, especially in humid conditions.
• Thickened skin (fibrosis): Long-term swelling causes the skin to harden and lose flexibility.

Warning Signs of Infection

• Sudden increase in limb size or tightness
• Redness, warmth, or shiny skin
• Severe pain or tenderness
• Fever, chills, or body weakness
• Fluid or pus leaking from the skin

If any of these signs appear, seek medical help immediately.

Basic Infection Prevention

• Keep the skin clean and moisturized daily.
• Treat small cuts immediately with clean water and antiseptic.
• Avoid walking barefoot outdoors.
• Use insect repellent to prevent mosquito or fly bites.
• Do not scratch or pop blisters.

Wound Care Tips

• Wash wounds gently with saline or clean water.
• Cover with sterile dressing or clean gauze.
• Change dressings daily or when wet.
• Do not apply herbal pastes or unknown creams unless prescribed.

When to Visit a Clinic

See a healthcare provider or LWAU nurse if:

• You have repeated infections or cellulitis episodes.
• The limb becomes suddenly hot, red, or very painful.
• There is an open wound that does not heal.
• You have fever or feel unwell after swelling increases.